Assad in syria will make every effort to hang on for some time. Morocco as the impact of the arab spring was felt across the region, activists in morocco launched protests calling for democratic reform and an end to corruption in the country. The road t o refo rm womens political voice in morocco. Although members of the league of arab states, djibouti and somalia are profiled in chapter 19 on east and central africa. The prospects of political islam in a troubled region. Tunisia and the arab spring overview students begin this lesson by discussing the concept of freedom and the attributes of countries that embrace or deny freedom. The common slogan of the protesters throughout arab spring was the people want to bring down the regime aissa, 2012. However, the rulers in both countries remained in control and the transition was slow and managed. We al jazeera tv follow a group of libyan exiles as they sacrifice everything to return home for the final assault on tripoli. Ascendancy frustrated gulf research center 5 introduction. Yet morocco appears to have escaped the arab spring relatively unscathed.
It focuses on youth from morocco, tunisia, egypt, palestine, lebanon and turkey, during the key period of the arab uprisings and their aftermath. Laremont drew heavily upon his new book, revolution, revolt and reform in north africa. Unrest and uncertainty the big picture, the boston globes photoblog. The roundtable discussion, which sought to elicit policy recommendations, was led by dr. Encouraged by the uprisings in tunisia and egypt, and the arab spring, young moroccans began to organise huge demonstrations across the country demanding more democracy, social justice and anticorruption measures. Yet it would be difficult to find three more different countries than morocco, the conservative monarchy, revolutionary algeria, and moderate tunisiaparticularly in light of the arab spring of 2011. Six years after the arab spring, morocco is experiencing.
Iran finds its revolutionary message diluted and overtaken by events. The reasons of arab spring arab spring was triggered by economic hardships and peoples democratic aspirations stepan and linz, 20. Unemployment rates 2010, 2015 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% algeria libya morocco tunisia 2010 2015 source. The disappointing outcome for women during the five years after the arab spring has meant that it cannot be characterized as the womens spring, despite the prominent role they have played in its development. History, culture and geography have set north africa apart from the rest of the arab and mediterranean worlds. For a complete list and pdf versions of publications by the frederick s. A bumpy road ahead pdf by hassan hakimian, director of the london middle east institute and reader, economics department, soas underscores the underlying importance of the economic conditions facing the new republics, such as egypt and tunisia, which are emerging as a result of the arab spring. Morocco, the regions only monarchy, is faring the best.
The arab spring, which began in 2011 in egypt and tunisia before spreading to other arab countries, turned the arab political scene, and the roles of major players and powerbrokers, upsidedown, as it toppled regimes in some countries and undermined civil peace and stability in others. Development of conflict in arab spring libya and syria. Origins and prospects article pdf available in the journal of north african studies 164. Womens rights and the arab spring middle eastnorth. Thousands protest peacefully in morocco, king mohammed vi promises new constitution soon. The protests in morocco were inspired by the arab spring protests and revolutions in other north african countries.
Violent protests and civil conflict in egypt and syria appear in headlines daily. The roots and causes of the 2011 arab uprisings kamal eldin osman salih abstract. The 2011 constitutional referendum was a success on the part of king mohammed vi in so far as the reforms calmed moroccans and satisfied their demand for an enumeration of human rights. The 2011 arab spring demonstrations that led to regime change in a number of north african states also resulted in constitutional change in morocco. Thi s researc h articl e attempts to scrutinize the nature and cause s of the ara b uprising s which too k people by surpris e globall y throughou t 2011 and int o 2012.
Analysis of the arab spring 3 blunders in state response, in particular using a heavyhanded approach and trying to crush opposition, had the reverse effect of galvanising more people to join the protests icg, 2011b and 2011d. The road t o refo rm womens political voice in morocco clare castillejo and h elen tilley womens empowerment and political voice case study summary this and other development progress materials are available at development progress is an odi project that aims to measure, understand and. Like other arab spring countries, morocco faces economic issues like high unemployment which fed discontent across the region in the years running up to this decades revolts. Since the arab spring, which occurred in 20102011, the four countries in the maghreb have experienced some degree of political, social, andor economic upheaval. The 20 february movement, named after the first demonstration held on. Real gdp growth 2010, 2015 fffi fffi6% fffi4% fffi2% fffi 0% ff 2% ff 4% ff algeria libya morocco tunisia 2010 2015 source. A year of revolution a year ago, a tunisian fruitseller set himself on fire after being humiliated by a police officer. Morocco and jordan are successful arab spring models al. How did the arab spring affect the mena and its population. Its causes and consequences abstract this paper attempts to examine the causes of the arab uprisings in middle eastern states. Moreover this paper tries to predict the consequences of these.
Moroccos exceptional arab spring was characterized by a collected response by its leader and a desire for further progress by its populace. The economic consequences of the arab spring by mohsin khan atlantic council rafik hariri center for the middle east the popular uprisings that swept the middle east in early 2011 dramatically altered the political landscape of the region with the overthrow of autocratic regimes in egypt, libya, tunisia, and yemen. The russian government, like its counterparts in the west, the middle east, and elsewhere, was caught off guard by the outburst of arab uprisings beginning in january 2011 that swept away longruling authoritarian regimes in tunisia, egypt, libya, and it appears yemen, and have threatened to topple those in bahrain and syria. The endgame is a series of films exploring the fall of the gaddafi regime from the perspective of those who helped to bring it down al jazeera tv the long road to tripoli. The response of the russian government to these events has, like. Women played their part as leaders and participants, and were not spared the backlash suffering arrests, sexual harassment and even death. The prospects of political islam in a troubled region islamists and postarab spring challenges contributed authors dr. Change may seem barely discernible in some of the gulf states and saudi arabia. It began in response to oppressive regimes and a low standard of living, starting with protests in tunisia noueihed, 2011. Morocco and jordan are successful arab spring models jordan and morocco are two models those who did not miss the train during the tumultuous arab spring friends name. Triggers, dynamics and prospects stephan rosiny on 17 december 2010, the selfimmolation of tunisian vegetable vendor mohammed bouazizi sparked the arab spring. The arab spring has broken out in morocco pushing king mohammed vi to put forth in lightning speed a new constitution requiring an elected rather than an appointed prime minister, the first such step in any of the eight monarchies or even most of the democratic republics of the arab world.
Chloe mulderig best paper, 2014 bcars graduate student conference abstract. The second text, by an arab anarchist named mohammed bamyeh, presents a broader theoretical breakdown of the different ideological trajectories behind this movement, drawing on competing tendencies within enlightenment ideas as well as the specificities of the arab context. Though many commentators have warned that the arab spring is turning into an. Reverberations from the arab spring of 2011 continue to rock the middle east. Whats ironic about the arab spring is that the same autocratic regimes that were, to varying degrees, protected by the u. The arab spring has passed morocco by, but that doesnt mean the kingdom hasnt had its share of trouble. From revolution to civil war 78 zones and does not tightly define civil war versus other intrastate conflict. The reasons and economic and political consequences of. Arab spring, while the demands of protestors and revolutionaries were more mundane. Why moroccos protests wont usher in another arab spring. The arab world needs more champions of science and. Authoritarianism and democratization in the arab w orld, rex brynen et al. Gulf and eu migration policies after the arab uprisings.
Within a few months, a wave of protest had swept away the despots of tunisia, egypt and libya. Morocco was not immune to the arab spring in 2011, when there were unprecedented protests in the country, leading to a revision of the constitution and a constitutional referendum, as well as changes to the electoral law. Yemens arab spring wounded demonstrators carried away during antisaleh protests in sanaa, september 2011 photo hh as in other countries, the arab spring in yemen is a direct corollary of the growing economic and political crisis, with events in tunisia and egypt serving as. Security forces stand guard as hundreds of rif movement supporters attend an antigovernment protest demanding release of nasser alzefzafi, who was arrested for organizing demonstration. Fanack home morocco past to present arab spring not over in morocco. They were centred around demands for political reform, which included reform against police brutality, electoral fraud, political censorship and high unemployment. The movement started with a rifbased focus, demanding an inquiry into fikris death and previous mysterious killings during the 2011 arab springinspired protests.
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